Masami Toku (2015) International perspectve on shojo and shojo manga: The influence of girl culture , Routledge.
An exploration on the artistic and aesthetic development of shojo manga, Chapter 10 discuss the concept of "Bishojo" (pretty girl) in the context of the Taiwanese fandom and the culture thats surrounds it. Within this, the author highlights the wide range of target audience of "bishoujo" characters , not only limiting to the male audience but extend to quite a significant female base as well mostly in their teens and mid-twenties, and in this particular case of Taiwan, the female base holds the majority. It also highlights the close relationship between bishojo and the term "moe" meaning the burning passion for a particular character type and the the otakus- fans who are obsessed with virtual characters. "Moe" can encompassed various aspect of the character from appearance to personality and the particular type that appeals to a certain audience shape their concept of what a bishojou is. Such as the example of the magical girl genre given by the author through the series Sailor moon, exemplifying the otome-moe ( young maiden ) or Cardcaptor Sakura and characters such as Shimikaze from Kancolle or Shiro from No game no life representing the lolicon type (fascination for young girls). Understanding these different types and their audience can be the key to create the most effective bishoujo character that have the widest reach across the genre.
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